Technical debt: Design, Risk and Beyond

Why this book matters:

Technical debt: Design, risk and beyond

This is a practical and strategic guide to one of the most underestimated challenges in software development: technical debt. Contrary to the popular belief that technical debt is merely messy code, it encompasses poor communication, rushed architectural decisions, cultural gaps, and misaligned incentives between business leaders and engineers.

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We have seen how technical debt silently destroys development velocity, morale, and long-term product value, not because individual people can make bad decisions, but because they lack a shared framework to recognize and manage it.

This book is written for those, who want to build sustainable systems, and not just ship more and more new features. It is designed for CTOs, software architects, product owners, and startup founders who are constantly making trade-offs, whether they realize it or not. By providing a clear map of how technical debt forms, how to prevent it, and how to manage it when it already exists, the authors will help you to move from reactive firefighting to proactive architecture and general team health. This book is for those, who want to build information systems, and do not want them to be broken next year. For those who want to manage technology consciously, instead of permanent firefighting. And for those, who want to talk about technical debt in a business language.
Whether you are launching a startup, scaling a mature technological product, or leading an engineering team, or inheriting legacy systems – this book gives you the tools and mental models to build better decisions into your codebase, your processes, and your culture.

 Who this book is for:

Software architects

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You are designing systems that must survive scaling, change, team turnover and even political tensions. This book helps you to recognize risky decisions early and build maintainable, modular architectures from the very beginning.

CTOs and tech leads

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You are balancing delivery speed with technical sustainability. This book helps you to learn how to measure debt, plan refactoring, and communicate the cost of action or inaction to non-technical stakeholders.

Product owners and managers

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You make trade-offs every day, and this book helps you understand which shortcuts are safe, which are dangerous, and how your decisions will affect long-term product evolution velocity

Startup founders

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You are moving fast and often change or break things, but there are some things that should not break. Use this book to make smarter tech decisions from day one and avoid debt that will cripple your product later.

Consultants and due diligence experts

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You audit, advise, or acquire technical companies. This book gives you frameworks and questions to quickly evaluate technical risk, cultural mismatches, and hidden liabilities in architecture.
Book structure & topics:

Part 1:

Why technical debt happens
  • Business pressure: “Ship it fast!” vs. doing it right
  • Architectural mistakes and rushed decisions
  • Team growth and the absence of shared documentation
  • Lack of CI/CD, automated testing, and quality gates
  • Technology choices based on hype (Hype-Driven Development)

Part 2: 

How to prevent debt accumulation
  • Early decisions to prevent technical debt
  • Architecture principles aimed to reduce technical debt
  • Modularity, microservices, and designing clear boundaries
  • Engineering practices: CI/CD, testing, code reviews, linters
  • The role of product owners in shaping architecture
  • How to sell “technical debt work” to the business
  • Communication and coordination debt between teams
  • Building healthy team and system connections from the start
  • Frameworks for making sound early decisions

Part 3:

When you already have technical debt
  • Early decisions to prevent technical debt
  • Automated tools for technical debt detection and visualisation
  • Release teams, code ownership, and technical leadership
  • Legacy code and technical debt
  • Refactoring strategies: big bang vs. incremental improvement
  • How to split services right, not just fast
  • Analysing communication and architectural coupling
  • Communication debt: hidden and dangerous form of a technical debt
  • AI-driven development: new forms of invisible debt
  • Due diligence in technology: how to audit what debt you are buying
  • Technical culture clashes in cross-regional acquisitions

Part 4: 

Beyond the code: debt and its consequences
  • Real-world case studies: startups killed by unmanaged debt
  • Financial modelling: what your debt really costs
  • Final advice for architects, developers, and product leaders
About the Authors
Enterprise Architect · Consultant · Product Strategist

Maxim Silaev

Maxim brings his experience and practice of building scalable, secure, and resilient systems, especially in high-pressure industries such as fintech and payments. He specialises in enterprise architecture, legacy modernisation, and solving the organisational conflicts that often manufacture hidden technical debt. Maxim is also an expert in technical leadership and cross-team alignment, with a track record of taking products from idea to market in complex and demanding environments. His work bridges technology, business goals, and human systems.

Software Architect · Technical Consultant · Delivery Coach

Nikita Golovko

Nikita shares his experience in designing and building robust software systems for fast-growing technology companies. As a software architect, he helps teams to regain control over their technical debt through strategic refactoring, process improvement, and smart application of various architectural patterns. He is expert in solving complex trade-offs, guide decision-making under pressure or within time constraints, and foster cultures of technical excellence. He believes that software architecture is primarily a continuity, intention and conversation.

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